Experimental Study of the Focused Ultrasonic System for Differential Diagnostics of the Human Hearing
Main Article Content
Abstract
In this paper the analysis of relevance and novelty of application of piezoelectric transducer for noninvasive diagnostics of a cochlea of the human by means of the focused ultrasound is carried out. To date, clinical use of ultrasound is numerous and diverse, and ultrasound diagnosis is one of the fastest growing methods in medicine. Revealed a previously unknown effect of spatial notch filtering quarter wavelength layers diffuse heat radiation. It is shown that the effect, together with a focused acoustic thermometer, allows for greater accuracy and allows measurement of the body's deep body temperature in real time.
The design of the converter consists of a piezoceramic, an acoustic lens with the help of which the transformation of a flat wave front into an acoustic system with a flat piezoelement. The flat, concave lens is made of solid material, the rate of ultrasonic diffusion in which exceeds its value in water (biological tissue) for the studied acoustic system, organic glass was chosen. It is provided the theory, calculation and a design of measuring means: a high-frequency wattmeter for measurement of the electric power consumed by a piezoelectric transducer; the radiometer for measurement of acoustic power of the focused ultrasonic bunches. With their help detailed pilot study of the acoustic system is conducted, namely, parameters of her acoustic field and efficiency are determined. The theory, calculation and design are given: free float radiometer for measuring acoustic power of both focused and unfocused ultrashort beams; high-frequency wattmeter without active elements for measuring the power consumption of a piezus emitter.
The experimental study of the layout of the acoustic focusing system is to measure the emitted acoustic and consumed electrical power of the piezoelectric element with the lens. The task of measuring acoustic power is solved using a radiometer. The measurement of the consumed electric power is made by means of a high-frequency wattmeter, which contains a multiplication scheme in the form of a circular scheme on four diodes and a current transformer. The received frequency dependences of radiated acoustic power, electric power consumed and the efficiency factor are obtained.
The conclusion about expediency of use of this type of the electro-acoustic transducer for differential diagnostics of hearing of the human is drawn. The calculated intensity is sufficient for both diagnostic and therapeutic use of the developed acoustic system. This type of piezoelectric transducer will make it possible to distinguish between diseases of the middle ear of a person from internal diseases, and therefore to carry out differential diagnostics of the auditory system. This is especially important in clinical practice for choosing a further recovery strategy: if the loss occurs in the middle ear - the hearing aid is used, if in the inner one - is performed surgically by implantation of the cochlear implant.
Ref. 10, fig. 6, tabl. 2.
Article Details

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
References
Y. G. E.E. Godik, «Functional imaging of the human body,» IEEE Engineering in medicine and biology, т. 10, № 4, pp. 21-29, 1991.
S.A.Naida, «Acoustic thermometry of liquid objects using piezoelectric sensors of megahertz range,» Technical diagnostics and non-destructive testing, т. 3, pp. 41-48, 2002.
S.А. Naida, D.A. Lyashko, «Features of Application of the Acoustic Focusing Lenses in Passive Acoustothermometry of Biological Objects,» Electronics and communications, № 2, pp. 46-52, 2015, DOI: 10.20535/2312-1807.2015.20.2.42497..
S.A. Naida, «Formula serednoho vukha liudyny v normi. Vidbyvannia zvuku vid barabannoi peretynky,» Akustychnyi visnyk, № 3, pp. 46-51, 2002.
L. Gavrilov, «Focused ultrasound stimulation of the peripheral nervous system: physical basis and practical applications (review),» International Journal of Modern Physics: Advances in Theory and Applications, т. 1, № 1, pp. 45-118, 2016.
Didkovskiy V.S., Naida S.A., «Piezoelectric converters of medical ultrasound scanners,» Kyiv, 2000.
Kanevskiy I.N., «Fokusirovanie zvukovyih i ultrazvukovyih voln,» Moskva, 1977.
Domarkas V.Y., Kazhis R.I., «Funktsii peredachi pezopreobrazovateley v vide plastinok s uchetom mehanicheskih i elektricheskih nagruzok,» Lit. SSR, 1971.
Baskakov S.I., «Radiotehnicheskie tsepi i signalyi,» Moskva, 2005.
Chivers R.C., Zell K., Peak J.C.F., Fielding S.H., «The tethered float ultrasonic radiometr,» Acustica, т. 79, № 2, pp. 170-174, 1993.